Lucene 9.x Query 查询器使用

编程教程 > Java (9) 2025-04-30 10:24:06

项目环境

maven 项目

   <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
        <lucene.version>9.12.1</lucene.version>
        <hutool.all.version>5.8.26</hutool.all.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Lucene Search engines must -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
            <artifactId>lucene-core</artifactId>
            <version>${lucene.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
            <!--9.x renamed analyzers to analysis-->
            <artifactId>lucene-analysis-common</artifactId>
            <version>${lucene.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
            <artifactId>lucene-queries</artifactId>
            <version>${lucene.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
            <artifactId>lucene-highlighter</artifactId>
            <version>${lucene.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
            <artifactId>lucene-queryparser</artifactId>
            <version>${lucene.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Chinese word segmentation dependence -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
            <!--9.x renamed analyzers to analysis-->
            <artifactId> lucene-analysis-smartcn</artifactId>
            <version>${lucene.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.magese</groupId>
            <artifactId>ik-analyzer</artifactId>
            <version>8.5.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>${hutool.all.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.38</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

JDK 版本

jdk 17

示例公用源码部分

抽离公用部分源码方便展示

结果展示统一使用

    public static void showSearchResults(IndexSearcher indexSearcher, ScoreDoc[] hits) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("------------------------结果呈现 START------------------------------");
        System.out.printf("找到 %s 个结果%n", hits.length);
        for (ScoreDoc scoreDoc : hits) {
            int docId = scoreDoc.doc;
            float score = scoreDoc.score;
            Document document = indexSearcher.doc(docId);
            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
            document.getFields().forEach(field -> {
                String name = field.name();
                String value = field.stringValue();
                sb.append(name).append("=").append(value).append(" , ");
            });
            System.out.printf(sb+"score: %s%n", score);
        }
        System.out.println("------------------------结果呈现 END------------------------------");
    }

添加模拟数据使用

    public static void addDocument(IndexWriter indexWriter,String name,Long price,String sn)throws IOException{
        Document doc = new Document();
        doc.add(new TextField("name", name, Field.Store.YES));
        doc.add(new LongPoint("price", price));
        doc.add(new StoredField("price", price));
        doc.add(new StringField("sn", sn, Field.Store.YES));
        indexWriter.addDocument(doc);
    }

索引存放目录

static String path="src/main/resources/index/app3";

QueryParser 简单查询/万能查

支持字段类型

StringField TextField

查询示例

   public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, org.apache.lucene.queryparser.classic.ParseException {
        //索引存放目录
        try (FSDirectory directory = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get(path));
             //分词器
             Analyzer analyzer = new SmartChineseAnalyzer();
             IndexWriter indexWriter = new IndexWriter(directory, new IndexWriterConfig(analyzer));
        ){
            //创建索引
            addDocument(indexWriter,"风冷变频节能空调小米1PRO",1999L,"XIAOMI-1PRO");
            addDocument(indexWriter,"变频节能好空调美的X1",2999L,"Media-X1");
            addDocument(indexWriter,"变频节能风管机空调小米G1Pro",3999L,"XIAOMI-G1PRO");
            addDocument(indexWriter,"变频节能风扇小米F001",299L,"XIAOMI-F001");
            addDocument(indexWriter,"变频节能风扇美的FX01",399L,"Media-FX01");
            //提交索引写到文件
            indexWriter.commit();

            IndexSearcher indexSearcher = new IndexSearcher(DirectoryReader.open(directory));


            //查询
            Query query =  new QueryParser("name",analyzer).parse("风冷空调");


            TopDocs topDocs_10 = indexSearcher.search(query, 10);
            ScoreDoc[] scoreDocArray = topDocs_10.scoreDocs;
            showSearchResults(indexSearcher,scoreDocArray);

            //测试索引删除
            indexWriter.deleteAll();
        }
    }

查询结果：

Lucene 9.x Query 查询器使用_图示-6869ae3c9c3b42dd80780c03f8a27f7a.png

修改查询词

Query query =  new QueryParser("name",analyzer).parse("变频风扇");

查询结果

Lucene 9.x Query 查询器使用_图示-9df1884aa7c14d909e344b81d04d3d70.png

PrefixQuery 前缀查询器

支持字段类型

StringField TextField

前缀查询器查询分词示例

Query query =  new PrefixQuery(new Term("name","变频"));

查询结果

Lucene 9.x Query 查询器使用_图示-04db4a4b8d2a4d569e9c99fbf5abcc07.png

是不是感觉和平时的前缀查询结果不一致。是因为PrefixQuery查询器，查询的字段是参与分词的，所以的前缀是相对于分词后的词匹配的，并非分词前数据

查询不分词的字段示例

sn试试

 Query query =  new PrefixQuery(new Term("sn","Media"));

查询结果：

Lucene 9.x Query 查询器使用_图示-0ff91e3c8b1741beb4d57743a4fdc65e.png

由于没分词，所以结果和普通的前缀查询一样。

WildcardQuery 通配符查询器

支持字段类型

StringField TextField

示例

Query query =  new WildcardQuery(new Term("sn","XIAOMI*"));

查询结果

Lucene 9.x Query 查询器使用_图示-1e049416ab4a4daa9a75f8eea166734b.png

提示：查询分词字段，则匹配的是分词后的词语，与上方前缀查询逻辑一致

TermQuery 精确查询

支持字段类型

StringField TextField

代码示例

Query query =  new TermQuery(new Term("name","风扇"));

执行结果：

Lucene 9.x Query 查询器使用_图示-a53bc76dfe0e44c6b4d54d95ed30479b.png

提示：这里的精确查询是指存的索引词精确，由于上面两个通过分词器存入索引时候分出来了风扇词语，所以能精确匹配。另外可与StringField配合实现 ID搜索功能

数字范围查询

支持字段类型

FloatField
DoubleField
IntField
LongField
FloatPoint
DoublePoint
IntPoint
LongPoint

示例

Query query = LongPoint.newRangeQuery("price", 2000, 5000);

执行结果示例：

Lucene 9.x Query 查询器使用_图示-29c8a14c39ae41cfb49615d9ad1f361f.png

提示：前面字段用啥类型存放的这里用啥类型创建查询器，注意范围查询包含两边边界值。

MultiFieldQueryParser 多字段查询器

示例

Query query = new MultiFieldQueryParser(new String[]{"name", "sn"}, analyzer).parse("Media-FX01");

应用场景：一个文档中含有“标题”，“正文”等字段，搜索一个关键词，不管它在标题中出现还是在正文中出现都算符合条件。这时，我们就用到了多域查询。

BooleanQuery 多条件查询器

支持字段类型

BooleanQuery 查询器支持的字段类型与子查询器有关，BooleanQuery本身并不创建查询具体条件只是拼接各种查询条件

示例

一个条件示例1：价格查询

            BooleanQuery.Builder builder = new BooleanQuery.Builder();
            Query price = LongPoint.newRangeQuery("price", 2000, 5000);

            builder.add(price, BooleanClause.Occur.SHOULD);

            BooleanQuery query = builder.build();

查询结果：

Lucene 9.x Query 查询器使用_图示-bc63e164036749ee9f89bf905cc0d17a.png

一个条件示例1：名称查询

            BooleanQuery.Builder builder = new BooleanQuery.Builder();

            Query name = new QueryParser("name",analyzer).parse("风扇");

            builder.add(name, BooleanClause.Occur.SHOULD);

            BooleanQuery query = builder.build();

查询结果：

Lucene 9.x Query 查询器使用_图示-e201e8c2d8f544c69f5a246fc66ac9a9.png

两个条件查询：或

            BooleanQuery.Builder builder = new BooleanQuery.Builder();
            Query price = LongPoint.newRangeQuery("price", 2000, 5000);
            Query name = new QueryParser("name",analyzer).parse("风扇");
            builder.add(price, BooleanClause.Occur.SHOULD);
            builder.add(name, BooleanClause.Occur.SHOULD);

            BooleanQuery query = builder.build();

查询结果：

Lucene 9.x Query 查询器使用_图示-6642016b211e4a16a650c1c565dd1006.png

两个条件查询：且

            BooleanQuery.Builder builder = new BooleanQuery.Builder();
            Query price = LongPoint.newRangeQuery("price", 2000, 5000);
            Query name = new QueryParser("name",analyzer).parse("风扇");
            builder.add(price, BooleanClause.Occur.MUST);
            builder.add(name, BooleanClause.Occur.MUST);
            BooleanQuery query = builder.build();

查询结果：

Lucene 9.x Query 查询器使用_图示-7575186505eb4eb0a3cb2271b2c7eb70.png

提示：没有结果是正常的，查看上面的两个单一查询，发现结果并没有交集，所以这里没找到结果；

两个条件：Filter

Filter：参与关系为或，但是不参与评分

            BooleanQuery.Builder builder = new BooleanQuery.Builder();
            Query price = LongPoint.newRangeQuery("price", 2000, 5000);
            Query name = new QueryParser("name",analyzer).parse("风扇");
            builder.add(price, BooleanClause.Occur.SHOULD);
            builder.add(name, BooleanClause.Occur.FILTER);
            BooleanQuery query = builder.build();

查询结果：

Lucene 9.x Query 查询器使用_图示-7b66c85678454e1b82691f5c42b9889a.png

MultiSearcher与MultiReader

查询说名：一个查询，多个索引目录

低版本使用MultiSearcher实现多索引目录集合查询，高版本使用MultiReader来实现
lucene6.2.1已经废弃了MultiSearcher这个类，改用MultiReader来实现。

示例

try (DirectoryReader reader1 = DirectoryReader.open(directory);
                 DirectoryReader reader2 = DirectoryReader.open(directory);
                 MultiReader multiReader = new MultiReader(reader1,reader2);
                 ){
                IndexSearcher indexSearcher = new IndexSearcher(multiReader);
                Query query = new QueryParser("sn", analyzer).parse("Media-FX01");
                System.out.println(query);
                TopDocs topDocs_10 = indexSearcher.search(query, 10);
            }